English Grammar Grade 10,11 and 12 ( Different Parts of Speech )

 

Parts of speech

 

Types of Parts of Speech:

 

In short, there are eight different types of parts of speech is there, and those are:

• Noun
• Pronoun
• Verb
• Adverb
• Adjective
• Preposition
• Conjunction
• Interjection
• Determiner

Noun

 

A noun is specified as the name of a person, place, or thing. There are five kinds of nouns:

1.    Proper Noun

2.    Common Noun 

3.    Material Noun

4.    Abstract Noun

5.    Collective Noun 

Proper Noun:

A proper noun is the name of a particular place or person. For example, Dubai is the richest city, here Dubai refers to the name of a place so it is a proper noun.

Common Noun:

A common noun is specified as the name given in common to every person or thing. For example, The girl in my class.

Material Noun:

A material noun denotes the matter of the substance of the thing. For example, the house is built of wood.

Abstract Noun:

It is the name of a quality, action, or state belonging to an object. For example, Darkness, movement, music, philosophy.

Collective Noun:

A collective noun is the name of a group of the collection of persons or things are taken together. For example, army, group, team, class, crowd.

Pronoun

Pronouns are classified into ten types:

1.    Personal pronoun

2.    Impersonal pronoun

3.    Demonstrative pronoun

4.    Distributive Pronoun

5.    Indefinite pronoun

6.    Reciprocal pronoun

7.    Reflexive and Emphatic pronoun

8.    Relative pronoun

9.    Interrogative pronoun

10. Possessive pronoun

Personal Pronoun:

It indicates any person while acting as a subject or an object. For example, I, we, they, you, he, she, him, her, ours.

Impersonal Pronoun:

It indicates mainly non-living things. For example, it.

Demonstrative Pronoun:

It demonstrates any particular sense. For example, this, that, these, those, it, so, such.

Distributive Pronoun:

It distributes the sense of the subject or object. For example, each, every, either, neither.

Indefinite Pronoun:

It signifies the sense of the subject or object. For example, any, all, many, some, few, someone, anyone, none, anybody, nobody, everybody.

Reciprocal Pronoun:

It reciprocates between two or among more than two subjects and makes a complementary sense. For example, each other, one another.

Reflexive and Emphatic Pronoun:

It makes an extra emphasis on the main subject and is constructed with s ‘self’ word. For example, myself, herself, himself, themselves, yourself.

Relative Pronoun:

It relates the subject or object with another clause or part of the sentence. For example, who, which, what, that, whose, whom, anyone, none, anybody.

Interrogative pronoun:

It makes the sense of interrogation. For example, who, which, what, whom, whose.

Possessive pronoun:

It signifies a possession over any other person. For example, mine, ours, yours, his, its, theirs.

Verb

A verb is a word that states action, position, or being.

There are seven types of verbs:

1.    Finite verb

2.    Principal verb 

3.    Transitive verb

4.    Intransitive verb 

5.    Auxiliary verb

6.    Non-Finite verb 

7.    Infinite verb

Finite Verb

These types of verbs are restricted to the number and also to the persons. For example, I am a good boy.

Principal Verb

Principle verbs are the main verb of a sentence, it carries the sense, action, or state of a sentence. For example, I played football yesterday. In this sentence "Play" sate an action that I performed yesterday.

Transitive Verb

These types of verbs are often used alone, with one or more objects in a sentence. For example, Ram played cricket.

Intransitive Verb

These types of verbs do not allow with a direct object, which means you can not use this type of verb where an object is clearly mentioned. An example of this type of verb is 'River flows'

Auxiliary Verb

These types of verbs are used to form tense, mood, aspect, modality, voice, etc. For example, Ram taking a shower.

Non-Finite Verb

By its name, we can say these type of verb is not finite, which means these types of verbs is not show their tense.

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Adverb

An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb in a sentence. These are 9 kinds of an adverb.

1.    Adverb of time (Before, ago, lately, yet, soon, yesterday)

2.    Adverb of Manner (Slowly, so, soundly)

3.    Adverb of Place (Everywhere, down, near, away, etc.)

4.    Adverb of frequency (Once, seldom, rarely, usually)

5.    Adverb of affirmation and negation (Certainly, apparently, undoubtedly)

6.    Interrogative Adverb (Where, when, how, why, how often, how long)

7.    Relative Adverb (When, why, how)

8.    Adverb of degree (Almost, fully, very, enough, rather, really)

9.    Adverb of a sentence (Surely, luckily)

 

 

Adjective

An adjective is a word that qualifies a pronoun or a noun. There are eight kinds of adjectives.

1.    Proper adjective (Asian, Chinese, American, Japanese, African)

2.    Adjective of quality (Good, bad, rich, poor, wise, great, hot, cold, warm)

3.    Numerical adjective (One, two, five, several, each, every, few, a few, fourth, very few, many)

4.    Adjective of quantity (All, any, much, some, half, full, whole, enough)

5.    Demonstrative adjective (This, that, these, those, such)

6.    Distributive adjective (Each, every, either, neither)

7.    Interrogative adjective (Which, what, whose)

8.    Possessive adjective (my, our, his, her)

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Prepositions

Prepositions are six types, those are:

1.    Preposition of Time (At, in, on, by, of, from, away, since, for, towards)

2.    Preposition of Place (At, from, within, without, inside, outside, in front of, on top of, beyond, between)

3.    Preposition of Possession (By, of, with)

4.    Prepositions of direction motion (To, at, from, round, across, against)

5.    Prepositions of cause, reason, and purpose (Of, for, with)

6.    Preposition of Agent, Manner, or Method (In, on, for, by with, though)

Conjunction

There are three types of conjunction,

1.    Coordinating conjunction

2.    Subordinating Conjunction

3.    Correlative conjunction

Coordinating Conjunction

These types of conjunction join two sentences or clauses of the same kinds, i.e. but, like, although, even though, despite, in spite of, etc.

Subordinating Conjunction

These types of conjunction are used with subordinate clauses, i.e. because, lest, if, etc.

Correlative Conjunction

These types of conjunctions are used in pairs, i.e. neither-nor, either-or, so-as, etc.

Interjection

An interjection expresses some sudden feeling of one’s mind. For example, Alas! We have lost the match. Hurrah! We won the match.

Some common interjections are Bravo, Hurrah, Alas, Oh,

Determiner

The word which is used at the beginning of a noun group to indicate

 'a', 'the', 'some', 'this', and 'each'

Articles

Definite article The form 'The' is known as the definite article. It is used to point out some particular person or thing. It is usually used with a singular countable noun.

 

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